Childhood langerhans cell histiocytosis: A bizarre thoracic-spine presentation of a multi-organ disease and a narrative review of the literature

Childhood langerhans cell histiocytosis: A bizarre thoracic-spine presentation of a multi-organ disease and a narrative review of the literature

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease with diverse clinical presentations.We report a 4-year-old boy with progressive weakness in telemarkskongen flue lower extremities, a large head lump, and inability to walk.On physical examination, bulged scalp, ulcerative skin lesions, engorged veins over the abdomen and chest, and decreased muscle strength were evident.The computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed lytic lesions on vertebral bodies (T5-T8), resulting in the destruction of T7 vertebra and compression of the spinal cord, along with abnormal meningeal enhancement and multiple enhanced cerebral lesions, mainly at the junction of white and gray matter.

Biopsy of T7 tokidoki hello kitty blind box vertebra revealed Langerhans cell histiocytosis, confirmed by S-100 and CD1a expression in immunohistochemistry.The clinical team should be vigilant for the insidious development of central nervous system (CNS) symptoms and seek the required neurosurgical interventions to have a timely and definitive diagnosis and tackle the CNS lesions before resulting in permanent deficits.